Murder by Mail: Science to the Rescue!

Chapter 4: Dr. Edmond Locard vs. Tiger’s Eye

Whilst an amateur such as Miss Marple can gather evidence from wherever she chooses, including the dreams of Jerry Burton, even she knows such hazy evidence won’t hold water in court. Hence she, along with Megan Hunter and the police, engineered a sting operation to catch Mrs. Symmington’s killer red-handed. 

Now if an amateur sleuth, albeit a gifted one, knows the musings of one’s subconscious won’t satisfy the court, then why on earth did Magistrate Richard think hiring a sorcerer, a hypnotist, and a medium was a good idea? Especially since, just ten years earlier, France’s first forensics laboratory was founded in Lyon. Needless to say, after the papers gleefully reported Magistrate Richard’s unorthodox investigative methods, he was summoned before his superiors to explain.

As this internal brouhaha played out in the press, a priest visited Angele Laval and her mother. At some point during his visit, he spied a half-finished letter sitting on a table. Familiar with Tiger’s Eye style, as he’d received at least one cankerous communique himself, he took this observation to the prefecture. Keen on ending the whole nasty affair, Commissioner Walter (who I think is the head of Tulle’s prefecture) confronted Angele with this information and attempted to cajole a confession from her — without success.

Meanwhile, as the case stalled due to Magistrate Richard’s absence, the great and the good of Tulle took matters into their own hands.

Contributing money to a fund, they hired the best forensics expert in France and the founder of the aforementioned forensics laboratory, Dr. Edmond Locard. (Whose principle is still used today — every contact leaves a trace.) Dr. Locard, at this point in his career, showed considerable enthusiasm for graphology — the study and interpretation of handwriting to build a psychological portrait of the writer. (Not to be confused with Questioned Document Examination, which focuses solely on the words on the page.) Interestingly, after his employment was secured, Dr. Locard found himself on the receiving end of about twenty anonymous letters accusing one person or another in Tulle of being Tiger’s Eye and one purportedly from Tiger’s Eye themselves asking if he could arrive in Tulle on any other day than Sunday, as they’d made plans. 

Dr. Locard

With Dr. Locard’s recruitment, things were about to go south for Angele.

As it happens, modern experts agree with their fictional counterpart in The Moving Finger, “I can tell you gentlemen, I’d like to see something new sometimes, instead of the same old treadmill.” (pg. 88) It seems poison pen writers invariably employ the same tired mechanisms to disguise their handwriting: using all capital letters, writing with their off-hand, changing the slant or size of words, misshaped or deformed letters, employing different writing instruments within the same letter, altering how they dot their ‘i’ and cross their ’t’, pretending to be illiterate, or using cut out letters from magazines/books.

These techniques can successfully camouflage one’s handwriting, provided the author keeps their malice tinged missives short and sweet — so to speak. However, as a poison pen writer sinks further and further into their addiction, brevity generally isn’t within their reach.

Examples of Tulle’s Poison Pen Letters

Just look at Angele’s letters, overflowing margins, cramped lines — even the postcards are covered on both sides with words. Clearly illustrating what experts already know: poison pen writers are their own worst enemy. The longer the letter, the more likely it is that a lifetime of handwriting habits will start creeping onto the page — and — the longer they remain unnamed, the more confident they become, the more letters they send. Substantially increasing the odds, they’ll leave telltale signs of themselves somewhere in the script for an expert (and occasionally a motivated amateur) to find.

And let me tell you, Dr. Locard was given more than enough material to work with.

On January 16, 1922, after analyzing all the known letters, Dr. Locard summoned eight women to Tulle’s courthouse. Amongst the octette, all of whom were related to men present at the prefecture’s secret meeting, were Marie-Antoinette, Angele Laval, Angele’s Mother, Auntie, and Sister-in-Law.

Dr. Locard’s plan was simple. 

First, he dictated select words and passages from Tiger’s Eyes letters while instructing the women to write them with both their dominant and off-hand. Then, after finishing these specimens, Dr. Locard asked the all female assembly to write four pages of capital letters. Although accounts vary slightly on how this writing exhibition went down, they all agree that during Dr. Locard’s initial short passage dictation, Angele didn’t falter. However, when asked to pen four pages of capital letters? Angele’s facade cracked, and it took her twelve minutes to write one line. Dr. Locard, a trained forensic scientist and keen observer, watched Angele repeatedly go over the string of letters, adjusting, augmenting, and adding little flourishes to her original hand. 

Needless to say, Dr. Locard found this behavior highly suspicious. 

Again it’s unclear if Dr. Locard let Angele go after finishing her lines and recalled her to the courthouse later that same day or whether he kept her behind at the end of the session — either way, the results are the same. Dr. Locard, determined to secure a genuine sample of Angele’s handwriting, relentlessly dictated the same passages at her over and over again. He purposely upset her by intermittently berating, shouting, and generally getting in her face. For hours he pushed her to write faster and faster, all the while ignoring her protestations of innocence, bouts of weeping, and occasional fainting spells. Eventually, by dint of sheer exhaustion, Dr. Locard procured several sheets of Angele’s genuine hand —thereby stripping her protective layer of anonymity away.

My 52 Weeks With Christie: A.Miner©2023

Cooking With Christie: The Best Compliment my Bakes have Ever Received!

This Week’s Recipe: Lemon Bars

Inspiration: Sticking with the recent lemon theme, I decided to make some lemon bars for a going away party. And the recipient, who originally hails from Maryland, gave me the best compliment my bakes ever received by calling them, “Slap Your Momma Good!”

She loved them so much that after one taste, she secreted the entire pan away (which was a-o-kay as I’d baked them for her) and took them home to (maybe) share with her husband.

This recipe isn’t for the faint of heart. It requires nine eggs, 12 tablespoons of butter, and 6-8 lemons, amongst other ingredients, to make. When making the lemon curd, you also need to constantly stir it as it bubbles over the heat; otherwise, you risk burning it. You also need to make sure to have all the ingredients out and prepped when you stick the crust in the oven, as it is critical to pour the curd onto a hot crust!

Where I first found the recipe.

But, my-oh-my, is the effort worth it!

Helpful Hint: The recipe calls for one to bake these in a nine-inch square pan. For a better ratio of filling to crust, I suggest one use an eight-inch pan instead. It requires a few extra minutes in the oven. However, it is utterly worth it!

Christie: Whilst these bars look humble, I believe the divine lemon taste would easily win Poirot over! I can also see Miss Marple asking Cherry, her live-in girl-of-all-jobs, to whip up a pan of these bars on a special occasion!

Cooking with Christie: A Chocolate Covered Outtake

Here’s the final product of my chocolate coffee truffle recipe! Aren’t they shiny! (There’s a couple of filled hedgehogs in there, they turned out fine, but were a hair shallow for filling with ganache!)

Murder by Mail: Truth is Stranger than Fiction

Chapter 3: I Wish I Was Kidding.

Ahead of widening her pool of potential victims, which forced her to switch how she delivered her poison pen letters and work out a way of keeping Tulle’s grapevine robust — Angele Laval made her most significant tactical change. After three-ish years of peppering the prefecture with anonymous notes which ultimately failed to secure her Mouray’s love or prevent his marriage to her rival Marie-Antoinette (and perhaps seeking a way to take credit for her work) — Angele started signing her malice filled missives. 

Obviously, she didn’t use her real name. 

An Example of Tiger’s Eye signature. It’s on the second page, one line above the ‘BRAVO’.

Instead, she assumed the pseudonym Tiger’s Eye. (Or Eye of the Tiger, depending on how you translate the French. I’m sticking with Tiger’s Eye as it’s how I first read it, and, more importantly, it doesn’t make me want to sing the 1980s anthem Eye of the Tiger by Survivor or make my mind’s eye play snippets of Rocky III every time I write the nom de plume.) At first blush, this change appears only mildly important compared to the others. However, as Angele descended deeper into her addiction, she needed to increase both the frequency and cruelty of her jaundice correspondence to feel the same rush — and this simple stylistic evolution of adding a signature inspired a genuinely evil idea.

First Pic: Auguste Gilbert

Second Pic: The line that sent Gilbert over the edge.

Late in December of 1921, Angele Laval sent at least two letters to the Bailiff of the Prefecture’s Council, Auguste Gilbert. At least one accused Gilbert’s wife of having an affair. Another purportedly written by Mrs. Gilbert, though obviously not really, confessed her secret identity to her husband.

Somehow the false confession managed to convince Auguste his wife was the notorious Tiger’s Eye. Horrified by this revelation and frantic to keep his wife’s name from being dragged through the mud: he either confessed to being Tiger’s Eye and committed suicide — or — he suffered a mental breakdown, which caused a stroke, which killed him a few days later. (I’m pretty sure he, unfortunately, committed suicide.) Although the accounts of Auguste Gilbert’s death are muddled they all agree Angele Laval’s letters led Gilbert to his grave. 

Transforming her from a slanderous semi-stalker type into a killer overnight. 

(Unlike the malefactor in The Moving Finger, who, from the outset of his campaign, had murder on his mind.) 

Gilbert’s death heralded two critical changes in the case. 

Firstly, between the sheer volume of victims, blood being spilled, and the rapidly approaching end to Henri Landru’s trial (swindler, murderer, and generally a nasty piece of work — who was executed by guillotine in February 1922), the French newspapers needed a new case to captivate their readers with….So French editors sent their reporters, en masse, to Tulle.

Followed, in short order, by the rest of the world.

With the spotlight firmly fixed on and feeding the ego of Tiger’s Eye, there was little hope that Auguste’s death would shock Angele into ceasing her caustic campaign. Indeed, she continued to single out individuals for similarly executed deceptions as those perpetrated against Auguste. Though no one else died, Angele’s pernicious notes did manage to usher one woman into a nervous breakdown and at least three more men into permanent insanity or mental derangement.

(Though my sources didn’t specifically say Auguste Gilbert and the others suffered from shell-shock (what we now call PTSD) from fighting in WWI, they did say the affected men: “…were subject to terrible mental strain during the war and were in a condition which made them susceptible to mental injury.” (Washington Times April 23, 1922) Thereby graduating Angele’s campaign from the category of contemptible into the realm of the truly despicable.) 

Secondly, prompted by the death of one of their own and the humiliation caused by a list Tiger’s Eye nailed to the municipal theater (where Angele linked seven high-profile married men or their wives — with the names of their extramarital lovers), Tulle’s top officials finally abandoned their laissez-faire attitude towards the deluge of poison pen letters plaguing the city. 

The first order of business? Calling a top-secret meeting, of course! Assembling behind shuttered windows and locked doors, said officials made two critical decisions: A) The Police Prefect would send a plea to Paris for help. Since no one wanted to inadvertently put Tiger’s Eyes in charge of finding themselves. B) The Postmaster would start fingerprinting all known correspondence from Tiger’s Eyes.

These clandestine resolutions prodded Angele into her first major mistake.

Perhaps feeling bulletproof in her anonymity or, in the throws of her addiction, needed to impress the press with her reach. Angele couldn’t resist leaving two taunting letters for the aforementioned officials — less than 24 hours after their classified confab. The former was told his decision to send for outside help was futile, and the latter was informed that Tiger’s Eyes always wore rubber gloves when composing their pernicious missives. (A claim they tested and found truthful.)

However, this reckless revelation did more to help than hinder the incoming investigator, Magistrate Francois Richard. By showing off her inside knowledge, Angele narrowed the pool of suspects from all of Tulle to one of the members of the secret meeting or their closest relations.

A mistake she unintentionally compounded by inadvertently eliminating their prime suspect.

Unwilling, and undoubtedly unable, to cease her cruel campaign Angele continued planting her noxious notes around town — whilst Marie-Antoinette lay in hospital for seven to ten days after giving birth. Undoubtedly abreast of this event, Angele might have successfully shifted all the blame onto Marie-Antoinette had she been able to stop herself. As it was, Angele’s need to feed her addiction handed Marie-Antoinette a nearly cast-iron alibi. Seems all the doctors, nurses, and other patients, aware of her unearned reputation, kept a weather eye on the purported poison pen. Upon learning this Magistrate Richard concluded it was highly improbable Marie-Antoinette could’ve traipsed all over Tulle without someone noticing her suspiciously empty bed. 

With the elimination of Tulle’s prime suspect, Magistrate Richard called Mouray to his office. Again accounts vary on what happened during this meeting — either way the end result is the same — Mouray pointed the finger at his former subordinate. Above thirty, a respectable spinster who still lived with her mother, Angele fit the conventional image of a poison pen far better than Marie-Antoinette ever did. With Angele firmly in his sights, Magistrate Richard’s set out to secure the evidence needed to prove Angele Laval and Tiger’s Eyes were one and the same. 

Magistrate Francois Richard

Though instead of using tried and true methods to secure said proof, Magistrate Richard employed a sorcerer, a hypnotist, and a medium. 

The sorcerer produced a pendulum which he claimed could locate hidden wells, mineral veins, buried treasure, and detect when people lied. How? When held said pendulum above a person’s head during questioning, a luminous spot would appear on their temple if they told a falsehood. The only fly in the ointment? He’d only perform the test if representatives from the French Institute were present and the French government bought the pendulum for 20,000 francs. Needless to say, he left empty-handed.

Next, the hypnotist, several reporters, three suspects (one of whom sounds a lot like Marie-Antoinette), and Magistrate Richard sequestered themselves within Richard’s office, pulled the curtains, locked the doors, and posted guards outside. Once they felt safe from Tiger’s Eye’s prying orbs, the hypnotist put the first woman to sleep…..and learned nothing as the woman never uttered a single word. The second woman proved immune to the hypnotist’s influence. The last woman fell easily into a trance, however, she started screaming the building down after the first question. Which, unsurprisingly, brought people sprinting into the office, thereby ending that avenue of inquiry.

Lastly, Magistrate Richard brought in a famous medium from Paris. Who, after entering a deep trance, eventually revealed that the letters were written by the sister of an officer in the prefecture.

Proof at last?

Magistrate Richard thought so…Until the papers, who’d not been sworn to secrecy, publicized the methods Magistrate Richard was employing to suss out the notorious Tiger’s Eyes.

The French Minister of Justice was not best pleased.

My 52 Weeks With Christie: A.Miner©2023

Cooking With Christie: Who Knew Truffles Were So easy To Make?

This Week’s Recipe: Chocolate Coffee Truffles

This Week’s Recipe: Chocolate Coffee Truffle

Inspiration: On a recent trip to a kitchen supply store, I picked up a truffle mold they’d had on sale. Blending this acquisition with the knowledge that not everyone is as keen on lemons as my husband’s former co-worker and I are, I decided to make something for the chocolate lovers attending their going-away party.

So I started hunting for a chocolate coffee truffle recipe….and couldn’t find one that combined all the elements I was looking for. So I decided to use one recipe for the filling, another for the shells, and a distant memory of Henry, from the Great British Bake Off, using a silicone mold.

It was weird, but it worked!

First: I used steps 2-4 of this recipe for the filling, and rather than putting it into a pan to cool, as instructed, I poured the concoction into a zip-top bag instead. As I intended to fill the chocolate shells, rather than coating the filling when it stiffened up, this cut down on the waste and mess. When the ganache was room temp but still pliable, I cut one of the bottom corners of the zip-top bag and squeezed the filling into the shells.

A Helpful Tip From Me to You: Don’t put it into the molds when the filling’s hot — otherwise, you’ll melt the shells. Also, make the ganache first, so it’ll start cooling as you work with the mold. It’ll save you time overall.

From The Office of Minor Mistakes: Do not put the filling into the fridge to cool — it will become way too stiff to use, and you’ll need to set it on the counter (in a sunbeam if there’s one handy) to warm back up to room temperature so it’s pliable enough to use.

Second: I used steps 8-14 of this recipe to form the shells.

From The Office of Minor Mistakes: DO NOT place the mold open side down while it cools — otherwise, the chocolate will try very hard to stick to your drying rack.

It seems like common sense, but when you’re buzzing around the kitchen making all kinds of other stuff and have never attempted these before, these subtle nuances can slip right over your head!

My other deviations: I used a double boiler for making both the ganache and the shells. It gives me much better control over the melting chocolate chips than a microwave. To keep the sweetness of the confection in check, I used a 60% cacao chocolate chip for the filling and a 72% dark chocolate chip for the shell.

Okay, from this write-up, these sweets appear tricky.

But they really aren’t.

The three major parts of this recipe requires rest time. Meaning you’ve got built-in time to either accomplish other bakes/chores/take a nap or, if you don’t have enough time to do everything all in one, you can do one part a day over three or four days.

Seriously, these candies look impressive but are so simple!

Christie: For once, I can see a certain Belgium detective actually enjoying one of my bakes! These bite-sized morsels of chocolate and coffee turned out perfectly from the molds and were really shiny!

And are perfect to give out to friends on Halloween!

Murder by Mail: Catch Me if You Can

Chapter 2: Addiction & Expansion

Robbed of her rose-colored dreams and furious her rival managed to get Mouray to the alter, despite her best efforts, you’d think Angele would set aside her stationary. But here’s the thing: Poison Pen Letters can become addictive to the sender. Every close call, near miss, and narrow escape from someone catching them in the act and possibly unmasking their identity is an adrenaline rush. Then there’s the pure exhilaration of owning a secret. The thrill of saying all the mean-spirited, vindictive, and spiteful things to people who’ve, in your eyes, slighted you. Not to mention the pleasure of watching your victim/victims react to your words and knowing you hold the power to destroy their happiness — should you choose.

This explains why this type of malevolent missive rarely ends with only a single letter being sent.

Even worse, for both sender and receiver, this addiction (like any other) starts requiring bigger and bigger hits in order to recreate the same rush the writer felt upon delivering their very first venomous letter. And this is where The Moving Finger and Angele’s case diverge. Our fictional malefactor either never got hooked on sending poison pen letters in the first place. Or, more likely, due to their definite endgame and the fact Miss Marple engineered their capture prior to the Black Hat reaching their last pre-written poisonous note, Christie’s bad guy never faced the decision of continuing their caustic campaign or stopping cold turkey. Hence, unlike Angele, they never need to adapt their strategy to avoid detection or feel the need to feed the monkey on their back. 

All of which possibly explains why Angele decided to double down rather than quit while she was ahead. 

The Prefecture of Tulle.

No longer satisfied with tormenting just the prefecture, Angele expanded her toxic campaign to include any man, woman, or child living within the borders of Tulle. And unlike Agatha Christie’s fictional ne’er-do-well in The Moving Finger, whose evil epistles failed to contain even the smallest kernel of truth. (According to the Vicar’s wife, who knew more than her fair share of Lymstock’s salacious secrets.) Angele raked up every scandal, revealed every overheard family secret, and repeated every morsel of gossip she came across — and through sheer volume, managed to sprinkle just enough truth amongst the lies contained in the lines of her noxious notes that shadows of doubt proliferated within the minds of Tulle.

The townsfolk, now aware en masse of the existence of a poison pen, unsurprisingly began casting sidelong glances at each other. This wholesale loss of trust translated into a mass cancellation of social engagements, entertainment, and gatherings across the city. The only upside? The lack of dances, dinners, and friendly chats over tea gave people more than enough spare time to monitor the post office’s mailboxes.

And what’s a girl to do when 13,000 pairs of unblinking eyes are dying to catch you red-handed at the public letterbox?

Angele simply stopped using them. 

Opting for the direct approach, she began leaving her malignant messages on her victim’s windowsills, doorsteps, on church pews, and within the confessional. She shoved them through letter slots, dropped them on sidewalks, apartment hallways, and office corridors. For an extra surge of excitement, Angele would occasionally slip one of her splenetic letters into someone’s shopping basket while they did their marketing. Whilst this change in delivery method removed the postman from the list of least-liked people in Tulle — by leaving no haven safe from her vicious attacks Angele, through either careful planning or pure happenstance, successfully managed to foster a state of mass anxiety. 

Can you imagine Angele’s dark delight when walking down deserted streets, past nearly empty taverns, and through the all-but-abandoned town square — which, only a few months prior, positively bustled with activity?

This wholesale avoidance of other people (which in some households included your spouse, older children, siblings, parents, or in-laws — depending on what despicable rumor you’d read about them or they you) might’ve ground the corrosive campaign to a halt. However, people still needed to work, children still required schooling, and larders filling…Meaning there was still a bit of foot traffic, and by tapping her evil genius gene, Angele found a way of exploiting those few brave souls who ventured outdoors — by creating a variation on a chain letter.

For example: Angele would address and leave a noxious note for Mr. X to find. Upon reading the obscenity ladened piece of paper, Mr. X would discover the contents actually concerned a Mr. Z — to whom the note would instruct Mr. X to deliver it too. Thereby giving her slanders a chance of spreading, with the added bonus of possibly causing an awkward conversation between two people and potentially straining a friendship, professional relationship, or marriage in the process. 

Speaking of marriage.

Despite her busy schedule of tormenting an entire town, Angele never forgot her roots. 

Again it’s unclear if, in Angele’s heart of hearts, hoped Mouray would abandon his newly minted marriage to Marie-Antoinette for her or if she wanted to punish her perceived rival Marie-Antoinette for stealing her chance at happiness and Mouray for not loving her.* Either way, Angele cleverly found a way to ratchet the pressure on the couple into the stratosphere — by singing the praises of the happy couple in the majority of her despicable epistles.

Despite the fact this style of harassment was considered the domain of sexually repressed spinsters (by newspapers, experts, and authors alike), these anomalous complements eventually led the stressed-out populace of Tulle to draw the same conclusion — that Marie-Antoinette must be the author of their misery. 

However, because French law did not consider it a crime to write or send poison pen letters, the prefecture couldn’t legally do anything about it. Especially since no one ever witnessed Marie-Antoinette placing, dropping, or leaving a bilious letter anywhere around town. So the court of public opinion sentenced her to ugly confrontations, muttered epithets, and general ostracization.

A punishment that might have become permanent had Angele’s addiction not spiraled out of control.

*(BTW: Mouray, at this point, had nullified Angele’s most effective weapon against him — by not only publicly acknowledging his illegitimate child and providing for them. He also broke things off with his mistress before marrying Marie-Antoinette.)

My 52 Weeks With Christie: A.Miner©2023